Reclaiming Intimacy: The Importance of Using Dilators After Gynecologic Cancer Treatment

Radiation therapy is a common treatment for various cancers, including gynecological cancers. While effective in targeting cancer cells, it can lead to side effects that affect the vagina and surrounding tissues. One significant issue many patients face post-treatment is vaginal atrophy, which can cause discomfort, pain, and changes in sexual function. To mitigate these effects, healthcare providers often recommend the use of vaginal dilators. 

Vaginal dilators are designed to gently stretch and relax vaginal tissues. They come in various sizes and materials, typically made of silicone or plastic, and are used to help maintain vaginal elasticity and prevent scarring or narrowing of the vaginal canal. By incorporating dilators into their routine, women can improve vaginal health, making medical examinations and sexual activity more comfortable.  Some reasons to use vaginal dilators include:   

1. Preventing Vaginal Stenosis: One of the primary concerns after radiation is the risk of vaginal stenosis, a condition where the vaginal walls become thinner and less elastic, leading to narrowing of the canal. Using dilators regularly can help keep the vaginal walls stretched and prevent this narrowing.  

2. Improving Comfort with Sex: Many women experience discomfort during sexual activity after radiation treatment. Regular use of dilators can help improve the mobility of the vulva and vaginal tissues and reduce pain during penetrative intercourse, making intimacy more enjoyable.  

3. Facilitating Medical Examinations: Regular use of dilators can ease the discomfort associated with gynecological exams, which can be particularly daunting after experiencing changes from radiation. 

 So where to start with dilators?  Many women are handed a set of dilators but not taught how to use them.  While it would be best to have an appointment with a pelvic floor physical therapist to help teach the best way to use them, here are some steps to get started.   

• Start Slowly: Begin with the smaller size dilator and gradually progress to larger sizes as comfort allows. It’s important to listen to your body and not rush the process.  

• Establish a Routine: Aim to use dilators two to three times per week. Consistency is key in maintaining vaginal tissue mobility and decreased pain.  

• Use Lubrication: Applying a water-based lubricant will improve comfort and make the process easier. Avoid products with irritants, such as fragrances or dyes. 

• Relaxation Techniques: Prior to using a dilator, try deep breathing or meditation. This can help reduce tension and make insertion of the dilator more comfortable. 

The use of vaginal dilators after radiation for gynecological cancer offers a treatment option for some of the common side effects experienced. Dilators can help women reclaim their comfort and sexual well-being. Establishing care with a pelvic floor PT is vital; they can provide guidance tailored to what you need, ensuring that you have the support necessary for a healthy recovery. 

We offer a free, 15 minute phone consult to answer questions and ensure you are in the right place for healing. Click HERE to schedule with one of our pelvic floor specialists.

Jennifer Cumming, PT, MSPT, CLT, WCS